March 31, 2020 by soft_techkome soft_techkome No Comments

Milling machine

Milling is the process of machining using rotary cutters to remove material by advancing a cutter into a work piece. This may be done varying directionon one or several axes, cutter head speed, and pressure. Milling covers a wide variety of different operations and machines, on scales from small individual parts to large, heavy-duty gang milling operations. It is one of the most commonly used processes for machining custom parts to precise tolerances.

Milling can be done with a wide range of machine tools. The original class of machine tools for milling was the milling machine (often called a mill). After the advent of CNC in the 1960s, milling machines evolved into machining centers: milling machines augmented by automatic tool changers, tool magazines , CNC capability, coolant systems, and enclosures. Milling centers are generally classified as vertical machining centers (VMC) or horizontal machining centers (HMC).

Milling Process in a milling machine

Milling is a cutting process that uses at milling cutters to remove material from the surface of a work piece. The milling cutter is a rotary cutting tool, often with multiple cutting points. As opposed to drilling, where the tool is advanced along its rotation axis, the cutter in milling is usually moved perpendicular to its axis so that cutting occurs on the circumference of the cutter. As the milling cutter enters the work piece, the cutting edges (flutes or teeth) of the tool repeatedly cut into and exit from the material, shaving off chips from the work piece with each pass. The cutting action is shear deformation; material is pushed off the work piece in tiny clumps that hang together to a greater or lesser extent to form chips. This makes metal cutting somewhat different from slicing softer materials with a blade

The milling process removes material by performing many separate, small cuts. This is accomplished by using a cutter with many teeth, spinning the cutter at high speed, or advancing the material through the cutter slowly; most often it is some combination of these three approaches. The speeds and feeds used are varied to suit a combination of variables. The speed at which the piece advances through the cutter is called feed rate, or just feed; it is most often measured in length of material per full revolution of the cutter.

There are two major classes of milling process:

In face milling, the cutting action occurs primarily at the end corners of the milling cutter. Face milling is used to cut flat surfaces (faces) into the work piece, or to cut flat-bottomed cavities.
In peripheral milling, the cutting action occurs primarily along the circumference of the cutter, so that the cross section of the milled surface ends up receiving the shape of the cutter. In this case the blades of the cutter can be seen as scooping out material from the work piece. Peripheral milling is well suited to the cutting of deep slots, threads, and gear teeth.

Milling cutters

Many different types of cutting tools are used in the milling process. Milling cutters such as end mill may have cutting surfaces across their entire end surface, so that they can be drilled into the work piece (plunging). Milling cutters may also have extended cutting surfaces on their sides to allow for peripheral milling. Tools optimized for face milling tend to have only small cutters at their end corners.

The cutting surfaces of a milling cutter are generally made of a hard and temperature-resistant material, so that they wear slowly. A low cost cutter may have surfaces made of high speed steel. More expensive but slower-wearing materials include cemented carbide. Thin film coatings may be applied to decrease friction or further increase hardness.

There are cutting tools typically used in milling machines or machining centers to perform milling operations . They remove material by their movement within the machine or directly from the cutter’s shape

As material passes through the cutting area of a milling machine, the blades of the cutter take swarfs of material at regular intervals. Surfaces cut by the side of the cutter therefore always contain regular ridges. The distance between ridges and the height of the ridges depend on the feed rate, number of cutting surfaces, the cutter diameter. With a narrow cutter and rapid feed rate, these revolution ridges can be significant variations in the surface finish

The face milling process can in principle produce very flat surfaces. However, in practice the result always shows visible trochodial marks following the motion of points on the cutter’s end face. These revolution marks give the characteristic finish of a face milled surface. Revolution marks can have significant roughness depending on factors such as flatness of the cutter’s end face and the degree of perpendicularity between the cutter’s rotation axis and feed direction. Often a final pass with a slow feed rate is used to improve the surface finish after the bulk of the material has been removed. In a precise face milling operation, the revolution marks will only be microscopic scratches due to imperfections in the cutting edge.

Gang milling refers to the use of two or more nilling cutters mounted on the same arbor in a horizontal-milling setup. All of the cutters may perform the same type of operation, or each cutter may perform a different type of operation. For example, if several workpieces need a slot, a flat surface, and an angular groove, a good method to cut these would be gang milling. All the completed workpieces would be the same, and milling time per piece would be minimized.

Gang milling was especially important before the CNC era, because for duplicate part production, it was a substantial efficiency improvement over manual-milling one feature at an operation, then changing machines (or changing setup of the same machine) to cut the next op. Today, CNC mills with automatic tool change and 4- or 5-axis control obviate gang-milling practice to a large extent.

Equipment

Milling is performed with a milling cutter in various forms, held in a collett or similar which, in turn, is held in the spindle of a milling machine.

Types and nomenclature

Mill orientation is the primary classification for milling machines. The two basic configuration are vertical and horizontal. However, there are alternative classifications according to method of control, size, purpose and power source.

Mill orientation

Vertical milling machine

In the vertical mill the spindle axis is vertically oriented. milling cutters are held in the spindle and rotate on its axis. The spindle can generally be extended (or the table can be raised/lowered, giving the same effect), allowing plunge cuts and drilling. There are two subcategories of vertical mills: the bed mill and the turret mill.

A turret mill has a stationary spindle and the table is moved both perpendicular and parallel to the spindle axis to accomplish cutting. The most common example of this type is the Bridgeport, described below. Turret mills often have a quill which allows the milling cutter to be raised and lowered in a manner similar to a drill press. This type of machine provides two methods of cutting in the vertical Zdirection: by raising or lowering the quill, and by moving the knee.
In the bed mill, however, the table moves only perpendicular to the spindle’s axis, while the spindle itself moves parallel to its own axis.

Turret mills are generally considered by some to be more versatile of the two designs. However, turret mills are only practical as long as the machine remains relatively small. As machine size increases, moving the knee up and down requires considerable effort and it also becomes difficult to reach the quill feed handle . Therefore, larger milling machines are usually of the bed type.

A third type also exists, a lighter machine, called a mill-drill, which is a close relative of the vertical mill and quite popular with hobbyists. A mill-drill is similar in basic configuration to a small drill press, but equipped with an X-Y table. They also typically use more powerful motors than a comparably sized drill press, with potentiometer-controlled speed and generally have more heavy-duty spindle bearings than a drill press to deal with the lateral loading on the spindle that is created by a milling operation. A mill drill also typically raises and lowers the entire head, including motor, often on a dovetailed vertical, where a drill press motor remains stationary, while the arbor raises and lowers within a driving collar. Other differences that separate a mill-drill from a drill press may be a fine tuning adjustment for the Z-axis, a more precise depth stop, the capability to lock the X, Y or Z axis, and often a system of tilting the head or the entire vertical column and powerhead assembly to allow angled cutting. Aside from size and precision, the principal difference between these hobby-type machines and larger true vertical mills is that the X-Y table is at a fixed elevation; the Z-axis is controlled in basically the same fashion as drill press, where a larger vertical or knee mill has a vertically fixed milling head, and changes the X-Y table elevation. As well, a mill-drill often uses a standard drill press-type Jacob’s chuck, rather than an internally tapered arbor that accepts collets These are frequently of lower quality than other types of machines, but still fill the hobby role well because they tend to be benchtop machines with small footprints and modest price tags.

Horizontal milling machine

The choice between vertical and horizontal spindle orientation in milling machine design usually hinges on the shape and size of a workpiece and the number of sides of the workpiece that require machining. Work in which the spindle’s axial movement is normal to one plane, with an endmill as the cutter, lends itself to a vertical mill, where the operator can stand before the machine and have easy access to the cutting action by looking down upon it. Thus vertical mills are most favored for diesinking work (machining a mould into a block of metal).Heavier and longer workpieces lend themselves to placement on the table of a horizontal mill.

Computer numerical control

Most cnc milling machines (also called machining centers) are computer controlled vertical mills with the ability to move the spindle vertically along the Z-axis. This extra degree of freedom permits their use in diesinking, engraving applications, and 2.5D surfaces such as relief sculptures. When combined with the use of conical tools , it also significantly improves milling precision without impacting speed, providing a cost-efficient alternative to most flat-surface hand-engraving work.

Five-axis machining center with rotating table and computer interface

CNC machines can exist in virtually any of the forms of manual machinery, like horizontal mills. The most advanced CNC milling-machines, themulti axis , add two more axes in addition to the three normal axes Horizontal milling machines also have a C or Q axis, allowing the horizontally mounted workpiece to be rotated, essentially allowing asymmetric and eccentric center. The fifth axis (B axis) controls the tilt of the tool itself. When all of these axes are used in conjunction with each other, extremely complicated geometries, even organic geometries such as a human head can be made with relative ease with these machines. But the skill to program such geometries is beyond that of most operators. Therefore, 5-axis milling machines are practically always programmed with cam

The operating system of such machines is a closed loop system and functions on feedback. These machines have developed from the basic NC machines. A computerized form of NC machines is known as CNC machines. A set of instructions is used to guide the machine for desired operation

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Milling machine

March 29, 2020 by soft_techkome soft_techkome No Comments

CNC Controls

Numerical control

Numerical control (also computer numerical control,http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzMYlG4RQfIand commonly called CNC) is the automatic control of Machinig tools (drills, boring tools, lathes,Spindle ) and 3d printers by means of a computer. A CNC machine processes a piece of material (metal, plastic, wood, ceramic, or composite) to meet specifications by following a coded programmed instruction and without a manual operator.

A CNC machine is a motorized maneuverable tool and often a motorized maneuverable platform, which are both controlled by a computer, according to specific input instructions. Instructions are delivered to a CNC machine in the form of a sequential program of machine control instructions such as G codes and then executed. The program can be written by a person or, far more often, generated by graphical computer added design (CAD) software. In the case of 3D printers, the part to be printed is “sliced”, before the instructions (or the program) is generated. 3D printers also use G-Code.

CNC is a vast improvement over non-computerized machining that must be manually controlled (e.g. using devices such as hand wheels or levers) or mechanically controlled by pre-fabricated pattern guides (cams ). In modern CNC systems, the design of a mechanical part and its manufacturing program is highly automated. The part’s mechanical dimensions are defined using CAD software and then translated into manufacturing directives by computer added programming (CAM) software. The resulting directives are transformed into the specific commands necessary for a particular machine to produce the component, and then are loaded into the CNC machine.

Since any particular component might require the use of a number of different tools – drills, etc. – modern machines often combine multiple tools into a single “cell”. In other installations, a number of different machines are used with an external controller and human or robotic operators that move the component from machine to machine. In either case, the series of steps needed to produce any part is highly automated and produces a part that closely matches the original CAD.

History

The first NC machines were built in the 1940s and 1950s, based on existing tools that were modified with motors that moved the tool or part to follow points fed into the system on punched tape. Those earlyservo mechanism were rapidly augmented with analog and digital computers, creating the modern CNC machine tools that have revolutionized machining processes.

Description

Motion is controlling multiple axes, normally at least two (X and Y),and a tool spindle that moves in the Z (depth). The position of the tool is driven by direct-drive stepper motors or servo motors in order to provide highly accurate movements, or in older designs, motors through a series of step-down gears. Open loop control works as long as the forces are kept small enough and speeds are not too great. On commercial metalworking machines, closed loop controls are standard and required in order to provide the accuracy, speed, and repeatbility demanded.

Parts Description

As the controller hardware evolved, the mills themselves also evolved. One change has been to enclose the entire mechanism in a large box as a safety measure, often with additional safety interlocks to ensure the operator is far enough from the working piece for safe operation. Most new CNC systems built today are 100% electronically controlled.

CNC-like systems are used for any process that can be described as movements and operations.

Examples of CNC machines

CNC Machine	Description	Image
Milling machines	Translates programs consisting of specific numbers and letters to move the spindle (or workpiece) to various locations and depths. Many use G code. Functions include: face milling, shoulder milling, tapping, drilling and some even offer turning. Today, CNC mills can have 3 to 6 axes. Most CNC mills require placing the workpiece on or in them and must be at least as big as the workpiece, but new 3-axis machines are being produced that are much smaller.	Milling machines
Lathe Machines	Cuts workpieces while they are rotated. Makes fast, precision cuts, generally using indexable tools and drills. Effective for complicated programs designed to make parts that would be infeasible to make on manual lathes. Similar control specifications to CNC mills and can often read G code. Generally have two axes (X and Z), but newer models have more axes, allowing for more advanced jobs to be machined.	Lathe machines
Plasam cutter machines	Involves cutting a material using a plasma torch. Commonly used to cut steel and other metals, but can be used on a variety of materials. In this process, gas (such as compressed air) is blown at high speed out of a nozzle; at the same time, an electrical arc is formed through that gas from the nozzle to the surface being cut, turning some of that gas to plasma. The plasma is sufficiently hot to melt the material being cut and moves sufficiently fast to blow molten metal away from the cut.	CNC plasma cutting
Electric disharge machining	(EDM), also known as spark machining, spark eroding, burning, die sinking, or wire erosion, is a manufacturing process in which a desired shape is obtained using electrical discharges (sparks). Material is removed from the workpiece by a series of rapidly recurring current discharges between two electrodes, separated by a die electic and subject to an electric voltage . One of the electrodes is called the tool electrode, or simply the “tool” or “electrode,” while the other is called the workpiece electrode, or “workpiece”.	Master at top, badge die workpiece at bottom, oil jets at left (oil has been drained). Initial flat stamping will be “dapped” to give a curved surface.
Multi-spindle machines	Type of screw machinesused in mass production. Considered to be highly efficient by increasing productivity through automation. Can efficiently cut materials into small pieces while simultaneously utilizing a diversified set of tooling. Multi-spindle machines have multiple spindles on a drum that rotates on a horizontal or vertical axis. The drum contains a drill head which consists of a number of spindles that are mounted on ball bearing and driven by gears.There are two types of attachments for these drill heads, fixed or adjustable, depending on whether the centre distance of the drilling spindle needs to be varied.
Wire EDM	Also known as wire cutting EDM, wire burning EDM, or traveling wire EDM, this process uses sparkerosion to machine or remove material from any electrically conductive material, using a traveling wire electrode. The wire electrode usually consists of brass- or zinc-coated brass material. Wire EDM allows for near 90-degree corners and applies very little pressure on the material. Since the wire is eroded in this process, a wire EDM machine feeds fresh wire from a spool while chopping up the used wire and leaving it in a bin for recycling.
Sinker EDM	Also called cavity type EDM or volume EDM, a sinker EDM consists of an electrode and workpiece submerged in oil or another dielectric fluid. The electrode and workpiece are connected to a suitable power supply, which generates an electrical potential between the two parts. As the electrode approaches the workpiece, dielectric breakdown occurs in the fluid forming a plasma channel and small spark jumps. Production dies and moulds are often made with sinker EDM. Some materials, such as soft ferrite materials and epoxy-rich bonded magnetic materials are not compatible with sinker EDM as they are not electrically conductive.
Waterjet cutting	Also known as a “waterjet”, is a tool capable of slicing into metal or other materials (such as granite) by using a jet of water at high velocity and pressure, or a mixture of water and an abrasive substance, such as sand. It is often used during fabrication or manufacture of parts for machinery and other devices. Waterjet is the preferred method when the materials being cut are sensitive to the high temperatures generated by other methods. It has found applications in a diverse number of industries from mining to aerospace where it is used for operations .	water jetcutting machine for all materials

Tool / machine crashing

In CNC, a “crash” occurs when the machine moves in such a way that is harmful to the machine, tools, or parts being machined, sometimes resulting in bending or breakage of cutting tools, accessory clamps, vises, and fixtures, or causing damage to the machine itself by bending guide rails, breaking drive screws, or causing structural components to crack or deform under strain. A mild crash may not damage the machine or tools, but may damage the part being machined so that it must be scrapped.

Many CNC tools have no inherent sense of the absolute position of the table or tools when turned on. They must be manually “homed” or “zeroed” to have any reference to work from, and these limits are just for figuring out the location of the part to work with it, and are not really any sort of hard motion limit on the mechanism. It is often possible to drive the machine outside the physical bounds of its drive mechanism, resulting in a collision with itself or damage to the drive mechanism. Many machines implement control parameters limiting axis motion past a certain limit in addition to physical limit switches . However, these parameters can often be changed by the operator.

Many CNC tools also do not know anything about their working environment. Machines may have load sensing systems on spindle and axis drives, but some do not. They blindly follow the machining code provided and it is up to an operator to detect if a crash is either occurring or about to occur, and for the operator to manually abort the active process. Machines equipped with load sensors can stop axis or spindle movement in response to an overload condition, but this does not prevent a crash from occurring. It may only limit the damage resulting from the crash. Some crashes may not ever overload any axis or spindle drives.

If the drive system is weaker than the machine structural integrity, then the drive system simply pushes against the obstruction and the drive motors “slip in place”. The machine tool may not detect the collision or the slipping, so for example the tool should now be at 210mm on the X axis, but is, in fact, at 32mm where it hit the obstruction and kept slipping. All of the next tool motions will be off by −178mm on the X axis, and all future motions are now invalid, which may result in further collisions with clamps, vises, or the machine itself. This is common in open loop stepper systems, but is not possible in closed loop systems unless mechanical slippage between the motor and drive mechanism has occurred. Instead, in a closed loop system, the machine will continue to attempt to move against the load until either the drive motor goes into an overload condition or a servo motor fails to get to the desired position.

Collision detection and avoidance is possible, through the use of absolute position sensors (optical encoder strips or disks) to verify that motion occurred, or torque sensors or power-draw sensors on the drive system to detect abnormal strain when the machine should just be moving and not cutting, but these are not a common component of most hobby CNC tools.

Instead, most hobby CNC tools simply rely on the assumed accuracy of stepper motors that rotate a specific number of degrees in response to magnetic field changes. It is often assumed the stepper is perfectly accurate and never missteps, so tool position monitoring simply involves counting the number of pulses sent to the stepper over time. An alternate means of stepper position monitoring is usually not available, so crash or slip detection is not possible.

Commercial CNC metalworking machines use closed loop feedback controls for axis movement. In a closed loop system, the controller monitors the actual position of each axis with an absolute or incremental encoders. With proper control programming, this will reduce the possibility of a crash, but it is still up to the operator and programmer to ensure that the machine is operated in a safe manner. However, during the 2000s and 2010s, the software for machining simulation has been maturing rapidly, and it is no longer uncommon for the entire machine tool envelope (including all axes, spindles, chucks, turrets, tool holders, tailstocks, fixtures, clamps, and stock) to be modeled accurately with 3d solid models, which allows the simulation software to predict fairly accurately whether a cycle will involve a crash. Although such simulation is not new, its accuracy and market penetration are changing considerably because of computing advancements.

Numerical precision and equipment backlash

Within the numerical systems of CNC programming it is possible for the code generator to assume that the controlled mechanism is always perfectly accurate, or that precision tolerances are identical for all cutting or movement directions. This is not always a true condition of CNC tools. CNC tools with a large amount of mechanical backlashcan still be highly precise if the drive or cutting mechanism is only driven so as to apply cutting force from one direction, and all driving systems are pressed tightly together in that one cutting direction. However a CNC device with high backlash and a dull cutting tool can lead to cutter chatter and possible workpiece gouging. Backlash also affects precision of some operations involving axis movement reversals during cutting, such as the milling of a circle, where axis motion is sinusoidal. However, this can be compensated for if the amount of backlash is precisely known by linear encoders or manual measurement.

The high backlash mechanism itself is not necessarily relied on to be repeatedly precise for the cutting process, but some other reference object or precision surface may be used to zero the mechanism, by tightly applying pressure against the reference and setting that as the zero reference for all following CNC-encoded motions. This is similar to the manual machine tool method of clamping a micrometer onto a reference beam and adjusting the Vernier dial to zero using that object as the reference.

Positioning control system

In numerical control systems, the position of the tool is defined by a set of instructions called the part programes.

Positioning control is handled by means of either an open loop or a closed loop system. In an open loop system, communication takes place in one direction only: from the controller to the motor. In a closed loop system, feedback is provided to the controller so that it can correct for errors in position, velocity, and acceleration, which can arise due to variations in load or temperature. Open loop systems are generally cheaper but less accurate. Stepper motors can be used in both types of systems, while servo motors can only be used in closed systems.

Cartesian Coordinates

The G & M code positions are all based on a three dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. This system is a typical plane often seen in mathematics when graphing. This system is required to map out the machine tool paths and any other kind of actions that need to happen in a specific coordinate. Absolute coordinates are what is generally used more commonly for machines and represent the (0,0,0) point on the plane. This point is set on the stock material in order to give a starting point or “home position” before starting the actual machining.

M-codes

[Code Miscellaneous Functions (M-Code)]. M-codes are miscellaneous machine commands that do not command axis motion. The format for an M-code is the letter M followed by two to three digits; for example:[M02 End of Program][M03 Start Spindle – Clockwise][M04 Start Spindle – Counter Clockwise][M05 Stop Spindle][M06 Tool Change][M07 Coolant on mist coolant][M08 Flood coolant on][M09 Coolant off][M10 Chuck open][M11 Chuck close][M13 BOTH M03&M08 Spindle clockwise rotation & flood coolant][M14 BOTH M04&M08 Spindle counter clockwise rotation & flood coolant][M16 Special tool call][M19 Spindle orientate][M29 DNC mode ][M30 Program reset & rewind][M38 Door open][M39 Door close][M40 Spindle gear at middle][M41 Low gear select][M42 High gear select][M53 Retract Spindle] (raises tool spindle above current position to allow operator to do whatever they would need to do)[M68 Hydraulic chuck close][M69 Hydraulic chuck open][M78 Tailstock advancing][M79 Tailstock reversing]

G-codes

G codes are used to command specific movements of the machine, such as machine moves or drilling functions. The format for a G-code is the letter G followed by two to three digits; for example G01. G-codes differ slightly between a mill and lathe application, for example:[G00 Rapid Motion Positioning][G01 Linear Interpolation Motion][G02 Circular Interpolation Motion-Clockwise][G03 Circular Interpolation Motion-Counter Clockwise][G04 Dwell (Group 00) Mill][G10 Set offsets (Group 00) Mill][G12 Circular Pocketing-Clockwise][G13 Circular Pocketing-Counter Clockwise]

We are repairing cnc machines vmc machines hmc machines in punjab india .we are providing machanical and electrical solutions we are repairng spindles ,telescopic covers , bellow covers ,appron covers and roleway covers all we are manufacring bellow covers ,telescopic covers ,role way covers.apron covers,and chip conveyores in Hoshiarpur, Punjab (Amritsar,Batala, Chandigarh ,Jalandhar ,Ludhiana ,Mandi Gobindgarh ,Mohali ,Patiala,Phagwara,Tarantaran,Goraya ,) India.

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CNC control

March 29, 2020 by soft_techkome soft_techkome No Comments

CNC Repair

We cover all CNC systems in mainstream use in the industryhttp://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZtLtfS_LCA. As always, repaired units are dynamically tested under load in real world closed loop applications.

CNC Machine Repair Services

Computer numerical control (CNC) controllers are essential for the fine and delicate work required to make the specialized parts needed for more complex machinery. If something goes wrong with one of these devices, it can spell disaster for the production process. There are numerous parts of the system of a CNC controller that could potentially develop issues, including the power controls, limit switch interfaces, servo motor drivers, protection circuitry or even the power source itself.

When it turns out that one of the more uncommon problems is what is affecting a device, it can be difficult to diagnose and even harder to conduct CNC machine repair services. Our technicians are familiar with all types of CNC controller issues whether common or unique.

Stuck Axis

One situation that can cause a CNC controller to fail is a mechanical hangup to the proper movement of one or more axis of the CNC machine itself. In order to perform all of the correct cuts, the device needs to be able to smoothly move on all three planes (x, y and z). If the CNC controller is reporting, for example, that the z-axis is stuck, this indicates that the machine is unable to properly move along that plane.

Even the slightest obstruction could be the cause of this tricky error. It may be that there is something stuck between the nut and the screw. Another possible cause of this problem is that the slides are out of alignment. Even a small issue could cause the entire cutter to freeze up, but it may be possible to narrow down the issue by running the device through the whole range of motion. Trust the our experts to identify any axis errors you’re experiencing.

Broken Emergency Stop Loop

The emergency stop loop on a CNC controller is designed to halt the operation of any machinery in case of a potential safety hazard. This is normally a good functionality to have, but occasionally the emergency stop loop will be running through the CNC system when there is no actual cause for it to be doing so, and this is known as a broken emergency stop loop.

If the controller is not enabled, and the ready light is blinking, it is possible that a broken emergency stop loop is the issue. One way to diagnose this is to disengage all emergency stop switches, and then attempt to enable the controller. It might be helpful to have one person click to enable the device while someone else watches the LED display. If the ready light blinks once after the controller is enabled, it indicates a broken emergency stop loop.

There could be numerous causes for this issue. There may be broken or detached wiring in the emergency stop box. It is also possible that there is an issue with bent or dislodged pins in the control board itself. Determining the specific cause is an involved process that requires carefully removing jumpers one at a time and turning the machine off and on again to narrow down where the problem is coming from.

Runaway Axis

When this error occurs, one axis of the machine travels too far and may even crash, which is known as “taking off.” Sometimes a damaged cable is the cause of this problem, but it may also be that the encoder needs to be replaced. One indicator of this problem is if the Positional Display numbers do not accurately reflect the change in position when the axis is moved by hand.

Complicated Issues Require Expert CNC Repair

The above issues are just a few examples of complex situations where diagnosing and repairing the cause of an error can take a lot of time, and may not have a cut and dry solution. When times like these arise, the specialized team of technicians Services is here to help solve the problem quickly and affordably. For assistance, call +91 7888776715,9915759967.

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Telescopic covers

Telescopic covers provide durable protection of slideways and precision machine components from all types of chips ,coolant and dust . Optional components can be integrated to improve durability speed, and access to the machine. Telescopic covers are used to proctect machine parts from metalic parts and dust

Today, modern machine tools process workpieces at ever-greater cutting and travel speeds. The protection of guideways, measuring systems, drive elements and other valuable parts is absolutely essential. Accelerations and speeds of machines are constantly increasing. Telescopic covers must also be able to cope with these challenges. This is where telescopic covers with harness mechanisms are used.

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Until the 1970s, telescopic covers seldom moved in speed ranges any greater than 15 m/min. The expansion and compression of the individual boxes took place sequentially. Due to the low speed, there was hardly any impact noise. Over the years, however, Improvements in drive technology have increased the travel speeds of the machines and thus also the speeds of the cover. At high travel speeds, the impact pulse exerted on the cover becomes truly enormous. This results in loud impact noises. What is more, the telescopic cover is subjected to very large mechanical stresses. The landscape for telescopic covers has changed greatly in the last few years. “Old” designs are less and less in demand, with modern concepts such as covers with differential drives taking their place.

Telescopic covers are generally produced from cold-rolled uncoated thin plates in thicknesses from 1 to 3 mm. In case of extremely aggressive environmental conditions (e.g. aggressive cooling lubricants), corrosion-resistant stainless steel plates may also be used.

At speeds below 15 m/min a telescopic cover can still be built in the conventional form of box synchronization. At higher speeds, however, the inevitable impact noises become clearly audible and unpleasant.

Telescopic covers are ideal for any machine tool application requiring complete protection of machine ways and ball screws. Telescopic way covers protect against dropped tools, heavy chip loads, cutting, oils, and coolants.

Can be designed to move along any machine axis.
We repair /replace all brands of telescopic covers.

We supply the best suitable type of Telescopic Covers for all customary machine designs, whether it is horizontal, vertical, or crossway. We are efficient to make them in different shapes such as rectangular, square etc in accordance with customers requirements. Our special designs of Telescopic Covers-Walk on Type, High Speed Covers, etc are available on special demand. They Protect Ball Screws, Guideways ,Spindles and prevent the accidental risk. These Covers undergo strict quality check, which enable them to increase the precision of your machines and their life. As we can these cover as steel cover also.if we are using steel material in telescopic covers. we can call these cover as telescopic gaurds and machine gaurds in local langauge.All cover shapes, mounting options, and wiper systems can be customized to meet your requirements. We also repair and make all types of telescopic covers in punjab . We are leading manufactre of bellow cover,telescopic cover,chip conveyor, appron cover,roleway cover,cnc cover, vmc cover,hmc cover in punjab india .We deals in all cities in punjab ,indiaPhagwara,Jalandhar,Kaparthula,Moga,Bathinda,Muktsar,Tarantaran,Firozpur,fazilka,sangroor,ludhiana ,Malerkotla,Mandi gobindgarh,Khanna,Fillor,Goraya, Patiala,Nabha,Mohali,Kurali,Kharar,Ropar,Nawansahar,Asron,Nangal,Tahliwal.our covers are perfect protectin for cnc machines. we Repair,Manufacctring and supply cnc covers at jalandhar as it is near to hoshiarpur.we are repairing telescopic cover in Jalandhar,Phagwara,Goraya ,Ludhiana,Mohali and Chandigarh,we also repair cnc covers(telescopic cover) in Baddi and nalagarh area.

Types of telescopic covers

Flat telescopic cover

Flat shape telesopic covers are generally used in a horizontal, lying position for milling table guides. With this design the maximum width of the telescopic cover should be limited to 1.5 m. These telescopic cover are using in VMC machine axis ,HMC machine axis ,Boring machine axis ,Milling machine axis,CNC machine axis,Zig boring machine axis,Grinding machine axis .Shape of these type of telescopic cover is flat . All sheets of this type of telescopic cover are bend at 90 degree angle. These telescopic cover are economical and frequently used

Roof shape telescopic cover

This design is always advisable when cooling lubricants are used. The inclined surface allows the water flow to the bottom side naturally also the metalic and non meatalic machined chips to run off more easily on both side of covers. With large covers (> 3 m width) for reasons of stability, etc. Two roof angles should be provided in these type of telescopic cover

Peak type Telescopic cover

These type of telescopic cover are advisable when cooling lubricants are used. The inclined surface allows the water flow to the bottom side naturally also the metalic and non meatalic machined chips to run off more easily on one side of covers. With large covers for reasons of stability, etc. Single inclined roof angles should be provided in these type of telescopic cover

These type of telescopic covers are incline to one side has a special roof shape. Depending on the possible incline, covers can be constructed with widths of up to 1.5 m. This shape is likewise a recommended solution when large amounts of coolant are present. Depending on the angle of incline, this form also helps to discharge coolants / chips.

Slant type telescopic cover

These type of telescopic covers are used in vmc machine ,hmc machine ,boring machine and cnc machines .One side of this telescopic cover is small as comapare to second side of vertical sheet.These type of telescopic cover can flow chips and coolant on both side of cover.

Flat/slope type telescopic cover

These type of telescopic cover have flattened roof shape is a special construction method with two roof angles. Primarily for dry operation and widths > 3 m. These covers are rigid in construction

Vertically Installed Telescopic Cover

Standing telescopic covers are used on larger machine tools, mostly in the area above and below the cross beam. They can take many different shapes.

Blind Telescopic Cover

With blind telescopic covers, the cover plates move in separate guide rails, each of which is mounted on the machine at the sides. It is used exclusively in a vertical arrangement. The guide rails are generally made of brass.

Cross-Beam Telescopic Cover

These telescopic covers are predominantly used on large gantry machine tools on a cross beam to the left and right of the support. The boxes are suspended vertically and protect the support guides from chips and cooling lubricants in this type of telescopic covers

DUAL-AXIS MOTION

Dual-Axis telescopic covers are typically moving behind the tables and under the spindle when space is limited. This design is limited to 3 boxes unless guide rails are used, and must be flat design for this style of telescopic cover.

WE SUPPLY TO ALL INDUSTRIES IN INDIA

Cities in Haryana

Ambala,Bahadurgarh ,Chandigarh,Faridabad ,Gurgaon,Jagadhri ,Karnal ,Panchkula Urban Estate ,Panipat ,Rewari ,Rohtak,Yamunanagar.(india)

There are ten big cities in Haryana which have Municipal Corporations, namely Gurugram, Faridabad, Rohtak, Hisar, Karnal, Panipat, Ambala, Panchkula, Yamuna Nagar and Sonepat. Eighteen smaller cities (which have Municipal Councils) namely Rewari, Narnaul, Sohna, Bhiwani, Charkhi Dadri, Palwal, Hodal, Gohana, Sirsa, Dabwali, Fatehabad, Tohana, Hansi, Jind, Narwana, Kurukshetra, Kaithal and Bahadurgarh.

Cities in Andhra Pradesh

Guntur ,Hyderabad ,Secunderabad ,Tirupati ,Vijayawada ,Visakhapatnam(india)

Cities in Bihar

Gaya ,Patna(india)

Cities in Chattisgarh

Raipur(india)

Cities in Gujarat

Ahmedabad ,Anand ,Ankaleshwar ,Bharuch ,Bhavnagar ,Gandhidham ,Gandhinagar ,Jamnagar ,Mehsana ,Morvi ,Navsari ,Porbandar ,Rajkot ,Surat ,Surendranagar ,Vadodara ,Valsad ,Vapi(india)

Cities in Himachal Pradesh

Dalhousie ,Gagret,Kangra ,Kullu ,Manali ,Parwanoo ,Shimla ,Baddi,Una Nalagarh,Hamirpur ,Tahliwal ,Pathankot,Parwanno, (india)

Cities in Jharkhand

Dhanbad ,Giridih ,Jamshedpur ,Ranchi(india)

Cities in Karnataka

Bangalore ,Belgaum ,Coorg ,Hubli ,Mangalore ,Mysore ,Udupi(india)

Cities in Kerala

Alappuzha ,Guruvayur ,Idukki ,Kannur ,Kochi ,Kollam ,Kottayam ,Kovalam ,Kozhikode ,Munnar ,Palakkad ,Thekkady ,Thiruvananthapuram ,Trichur(india)

Cities in Madhya Pradesh

Bhopal ,Gwalior ,Indore ,Jabalpur ,Kanha ,Khajuraho ,Ujjain(india)

Cities in Maharashtra

Aurangabad ,Jalgaon ,Kalyan ,Khandala ,Kolhapur ,Mahabaleshwar ,Matheran ,Mumbai ,Nagpur ,Navi Mumbai ,Panchgani ,Pune ,Raigad ,Sangli ,Satara ,Shirdi ,Thane ,Ulhasnagar ,Vasai(india)

Cities in Orissa

Bhubaneshwar ,Cuttack ,Puri (india)

Cities in Pondicherry

Auroville ,Karaikal(india)

Cities in Punjab

Amritsar,Batala, Chandigarh ,Jalandhar ,Ludhiana ,Mandi Gobindgarh ,Mohali ,Patiala,Phagwara,Tarantaran,SAS Nagar,SBS Nagar,Bathinda ,Moga,Pathankot ,Abohar,Maler kotla,Khanna,Phagwara,Muktsar,Barnala Firozpur,Kaphurthala,Zirakpur,Rajpura ,Gurdaspur,,Kotkapura,Sangroor,Faridkot,Mansa,Hoshiarpur, Jammu . (india)

Cities in Rajasthan

Ajmer ,Alwar ,Bhilwara ,Bhiwadi ,Bikaner ,Jaipur ,Jaisalmer ,Jodhpur ,Kota ,Mount Abu ,Pushkar ,Sawai Madhopur ,Udaipur(india)

Cities in Tamil Nadu

Chennai ,Coimbatore ,Erode ,Hosur ,Kanchipuram ,Kanyakumari ,Karur ,Kodaikanal ,Madurai ,Nagercoil ,Namakkal ,Nilgiris ,Salem ,Sivakasi ,Thanjavur ,Tirunelveli ,Tiruppur ,Trichy ,Tuticorin ,Udagamandalam ,Vellore(india)

Cities in Uttar Pradesh

Agra ,Aligarh ,Allahabad ,Bareilly ,Bhadohi ,Ghaziabad ,Greater Noida ,Kanpur ,Lucknow ,Mathura ,Meerut ,Moradabad ,Noida ,Saharanpur ,Sahibabad ,Varanasi(india)

Cities in Uttaranchal

Dehradun ,Garhwal ,Haridwar ,Mussoorie ,Nainital ,Rishikesh ,Roorkee ,Rudraour(india)

Cities in West Bengal

Asansol ,Darjeeling ,Durgapur ,Howrah ,Kalimpong ,Kolkata ,Siliguri(india)

There are many companies throughout the world who manufacture or sell Telescopic Steel Covers. Our company has achieved production levels – in terms of volume and quality standards – that place it at the top of the market. Heavy investment in machinery and personnel training, under the guidance of highly qualified engineers have allowed us to face the latest challenge in the development of Machine Tools: the use of high speed linear motors and the increase of the axis speeds. The quality of design and manufacture, often with patented shock absorbers, allow us to solve problems resulting from high speeds. At the same time, our company gives utmost consideration to the quality/price ratio, insuring that our customers get the most from their investment.

kindly contect +917888776715, 9915759967

Telescopic cover

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescoping_(mechanics)

March 27, 2020 by soft_techkome soft_techkome No Comments

Bellow cover

https://techkome.com/telescopic-cover /

Bellow covers are designed to protect guideways and ball screw in a machine. Bellow cover are use for high speed applications in cnc machines . Bellow covers have high compression ratio .

Machine bellow covers are an devices that are us to protect Guideways and Ball screw in a machines because these are resisting coolant to enter in these items. We are manufacturing machine bellow covers in Punjab . Machine Bellow covers are always mounted on guideway because these protect guideways from unwanted material.

Bellow covers are using in CNC machines and Conventional machines to protect the moving parts of a machine from dust, coolant and metal chips. These are available in different shapes and sizes. If you are looking for a guarding for machine then. We are Total CNC solutions will provide you a best price and best quality guarding for your machine.

These are mostly making in C shape. And others shapes are also use in machine famous shape of Bellow cover is C shape and Flat shape. Some of the machine tool builders are using these types of guarding in round shape. Bellow cover is mostly making by fabric and some of the Bellow maker make it with Stainless steel strips to resist damage of bellow due to hot chips. The name of this types cover is Stainless steel Bellow cover.

Bellow cover manufacturer in Ludhiana

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellows https://techkome.com/telescopic-cover/

Bellow covers are using in cnc machines and conventional machines to protect the moving parts of a machine .these are available in different shapes and sizes. If you are looking for a machine guarding then we will provide you a best price and best quality bellow cover. Bellow cover are mostly used in c shape . And others shapes are also use in machine famous shape of bellow is c shape and flat shape . Some of the machine tool builders are using bellow cover of round shape . Bellow cover is mostly making by fabric and some of the bellow maker make it with ss strips that is called ss bellow cover. We are supplying Bellow cover manufacturer in Ludhiana.

Bellow Cover manufacturer in Pune — **Bellow Cover**

Bellow covers life ?

These life will be depend on different types of factor :

Type of fabric you used that is a big factor that effects life of a cover. If quality fabric used in Bellow making then it will be more life as compare to normal fabric. Normal life of this is approx. 2 years it may be vary depend on conditions.
Maintenance of a these also effects its life .If you are cleaning machine regularly then its life will more as compares to non maintained bellow cover.
Installation of this effect its life .If you properly install guarding then life will become more .if bellow cover installed with wrong method it will effect bellow cover life.
Coolant you used in machine effects bellow cover .If you are using good quality Coolant then life of bellow cover will be more.
Chips accumulate in machine will also effects its life. If Sharpen edges metal chips are accumulated in machine then sharp edged chips will tear the bellow cover .
Manufacturing defect will also effect .if any type of mistake made by manufacturer then it will be effect life.

We are manufacturing bellow cover in Punjab. We are supplying these these to all over India. Our manufacturing unit in Hoshiarpur. Our supply of these bellow covers anywhere in India.

Types

Black Bellow cover : These are in black color.
C shape Bellow cover: This type of guarding are in c shape section .
Flat Bellow cover: These type are in flat shape. These are stitched on both side of strip. design and manufacturing of this type of is simple.
Round Bellow cover: This types are in round shape .These types of are used to protect ball screw or lead screw in a machine.
Square Bellow cover: Square shapes are in square shape .It is mostly used in ball screw covering.

Material

Bellow covers are mostly made by black fabric named Parachute and sometime it is made by Gypsy hood fabric. If hot chips are generating in machine stainless steel bellow cover is used because hot chips are not effects in stainless steel bellow cover .

Size

Size of these cover will be different always because these are available in different sizes. It will be 1 meter and will be 10 meter in length. It is depend upon how much length of bellow you required. If axis of machine is to lengthy then bellow cover length will be high and if axis of machine have less length then bellow covers length will be less.

How to choose a cover ?

Here we will discuss how to chose a Bellow covers for a machine.

Some round metal bellow are applying in industries for hot chips application . But the deign and working of both bellow are different you can choose bellow as per your requirement . Different shapes and different sizes are available here to meet your expectation.

You can choose bellow cover as per machine design and what type of bellow you required.it should be high in quality and should be low in price .

Bellow covers are using these days in high speed applications and also have less closing from a telescopic cover .due to that it consume less space in a machine. These are used in all types of CNC and NC machines also it is used in all types of conventional machine like boring ,drilling and etc.

If you are looking a bellow cover for VMC machine that have two guideways and a one ball screw then you can choose a c shape bellow cover for VMC machine.

2. If any vertically axis in machine then you can add c shape fabric cover is good option for a Vertical axis.

3. You can add stainless steel strips for hot metal chips on a c shape fabric cover ,either it is a vertical axis or a horizontal axis.

4. We are always using Round cover for ball screw covering because ball screw is round in shape.

5. Flat cover are using for simple design that’s work like a curtain.

6. Square shape cover are using for a laser machine.

7. Parachute fabric cover are using for less closing because this fabric have less thickness then others.

8. Where closing of a cover is not matter then you can use Gypsy hood fabric.

9. For hot metal chips you can add high temperature fabric because hot chips will not effecting this type of fabric.

10. Angular cover with stainless strip if axis is horizontally.

11 .You can add PVC sheet below these types of guarding because it resist wear and tear of bellow cover.

12. You have to add PVC strips seizure because its make rigid cover.

Is Bellow covers suitable for you machine?

This questions are always in mind of every reader of this post but they are unable to find the right answer of this question. But in this post we will provide answer of this question.

Bellow covers are more effective in vertical axis. Because vertical axis cleaning of guarding takes place automatically .Chips falling down due to gravity and due to that Bellows life will be increase.

Why we need machine guarding ?

We need guarding in a machine because it protect moving parts like Ball screw and guideway from coolant and chips and bellow covers increasing accurate moving parts life by protecting these from unwanted materials. As you know breakdown in a machine will lead huge production loss in industries .Bellow covers reducing breakdown time of a machine. We are best supplier of Bellow covers in Punjab.

Application

Some round metal bellow are applying in industries for hot chips application. But the design and working of both bellow are different you can choose bellow as per your requirement. Different shapes and different sizes are available here to meet your expectation.

You can choose bellow covers as per machine design and what type of bellows you required.it should be high in quality and should be low in price.

Bellows covers are using these days in high speed applications and also have less closing from a telescopic cover .due to that it consume less space in a machine. These are used in all types of CNC and NC machines also it is used in all types of conventional machine like boring, drilling and etc.

Shapes

C shape .
Round shape .
Square shape .
Flat shape

Is Bellow cover suitable for you machine?

This questions are always in mind of every reader of this post but they are unable to find the right answer of this question. But in this post we will provide answer of this question.

Bellow covers are more effective in vertical axis. Because vertical axis cleaning of these types of cover take place automatically as chips falling down due to gravity and due to that Bellows life will be increase.

Where we supplying cover

Batala.
Ludhiana.
Jalandhar.
Phagwara.
Goraya.
Amritsar.
Tarantaran.
Patiala.
Kapurthala.

Who we are?

We are in top supplier of Bellow covers because we are manufacturing machine these in Punjab and supplying it to all over India.

If you have any query about Bellows in Punjab then you can contact us anytime on these mobile numbers +91 7888776715,9915759967. We will always available on these numbers .

You can write us an email info@techkome.com

.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellowhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellows